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I shall post videos, graphs, news stories, and other material there. We shall use some of this material in class, and you may review the rest at your convenience. You will all receive invitations to post to the blog. (Please let me know if you do not get such an invitation.) I encourage you to use the blog in these ways:
To post questions or comments about the readings before we discuss them in class;
To follow up on class discussions with additional comments or questions.
To post relevant news items or videos.

There are only two major limitations: no coarse language, and no derogatory comments about people at the Claremont Colleges.


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Tuesday, February 27, 2024

Political Deals II

For next week, Davidson, ch. 10. 

Student hours tomorrow by appointment only.

Reviewing research sources

Crisis and Scandal as a Prod to Action


Public Lands Case Study



 Image result for public lands forests map


A couple of quotations about Congress and life in general:
  • "At some point somebody has to decide, let's do it the old-fashioned way, which is `one thing I hate for one thing I love.'" (Lawrence, p. 39)
  • "Here's a list of what we have to have. Here's a list of the ones we really, really hate. Here's a list of `if you put this language on page 4 we could swallow it.' And then you work that list." (Lawrence, pp. 40-41).


    Suspension of the rules gets around germaneness issues.

    More recent examples:


    The Dairy Cliff:


    SIMULATION




    The 2014 farm bill and the "dairy cliff" penalty default

    Monday, February 26, 2024

    Simulation Roles 2024

     Judiciary

     

    Republicans       

     

    Graham (SC) Scott Palmer     

    Cornyn (TX) ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­Richard Cordero  

    Cruz  (TX)   Lewis White           

    Tillis (NC)   Lauren Fue         

    Blackburn (TN) Angelique Rivanis   

    McConnell (KY)* ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­Richa Parikh

     

    Democrats

     

    Durbin (IL) Sohani Hossain   

    Booker (NJ) Eileen Kim

    Klobuchar (MN) Johnny Ellsworth   

    Schumer (NY)*  ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­Michael Gadinis      

    (plus committee proxy)

     

    Homeland Security

     

    Paul (KY)    Sonja Woolley                

    Lankford (OK)  Henry Otte    

    Romney (UT)   Adarsh Srinivasan             

    Scott (FL)    Clare Grammig                   

    Hawley (MO) Natalie Chen    

     

    Peters (MI) George Ashford

    Hassan (NH) Nicole  Jonassen 

    Sinema (AZ) Ryan Lenney  

    Rosen (NV) David Walker  

     

    Art of the Political Deal I

    Simulation roles

    End around 12:10 for mtg.

    Conditions for Deliberative Negotiation (Lawrence, p. 14)

    • Acceptable sources of information
    • Repeated interactions 
    • Penalty defaults (shutdown looms IRL)
    • Privacy



    Crisis and Scandal as a Prod to Action




    Sanders and McCain find a deal

    Bernie Sanders and John McCain

    Policy Windows and  The Issue-Attention Cycle


    "The tide in the affairs of men does not remain at flood -- it ebbs. We may cry out desperately for time to pause in her passage, but time is adamant to every plea and rushes on. Over the bleached bones and jumbled residues of numerous civilizations are written the pathetic words, `Too late.'" -- Martin Luther King, Jr.



    Image result for issue-attention cycle


    Public Lands Case Study


     Image result for public lands forests map


    A couple of quotations about Congress and life in general:
    • "At some point somebody has to decide, let's do it the old-fashioned way, which is `one thing I hate for one thing I love.'" (Lawrence, p. 39)
    • "Here's a list of what we have to have. Here's a list of the ones we really, really hate. Here's a list of `if you put this language on page 4 we could swallow it.' And then you work that list." (Lawrence, pp. 40-41).





      The 2014 farm bill and the "dairy cliff" penalty default (Lawrence, p. 51)


      Wednesday, February 21, 2024

      Decisions and Interest Groups

      For Monday, read Lawrence, all (it is a short, easy-to-read book) and bring it to class.

      On Monday, we shall do role selection.  If you cannot make it to class, ask someone to represent you.

      On Wednesday, we shall have a guest speaker who will discuss legislative bargaining.

      For your papers, do NOT worry about first and second readings.  Focus on key status steps (committee action, rules, floor votes) and patterns of support and opposition.

      Foreign lobbying (pp. 382-83)

      Russian influence in the news  DOJ: "He is actively peddling new lies that could impact U.S. elections after meeting with Russian intelligence officials in November."

      Other covert means:

      Overt means:

      Interest group ratings (375-76)

      Monday, February 19, 2024

      Congressional Decisions

       For Wednesday, Davidson, ch. 13.

      Questions on paper?  Comments on papers:  SW= page numbers in Strunk and White.

      The winners: Judiciary and Homeland Security.  In our simulated Senate, Reps are in the majority. McConnell and Schumer are not on Judiciary IRL, but I added them for simulation purposes.

      Judiciary

      Republicans        Democrats

      Graham (SC)       Durbin (IL)
      Cornyn (TX)       Booker (NJ)
      Cruz  (TX)          Klobuchar (MN)
      Tillis (NC)          Schumer (NY)* (plus committee proxy)
      Blackburn (TN)
      McConnell (KY)*

      Homeland Security

      Paul (KY)                    Peters (MI)
      Lankford (OK)            Hassan (NH)
      Romney (UT)              Sinema (AZ)
      Scott (FL)                    Rosen (NV)
      Hawley (MO)

      Reviewing Variations of Lawmaking
      Vote-a-Rama
      Rule XIV of the Senate:
      The Senate’s standing committees play an essential part in the legislative process, as they select the small percentage of the bills introduced each Congress that, in their judgment, deserve the attention of the Senate as a whole, and as they recommend amendments to these bills based on their expert knowledge and experience. Most bills are routinely referred to the committee with appropriate jurisdiction as soon as they are introduced. However, paragraph 4 of Rule XIV permits a Senator to bypass a committee referral and have the bill placed directly on the Calendar of Business, with exactly the same formal status the bill would have if it had been considered and reported by a Senate committee.

      Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I understand that there is a bill at the desk, and I ask for its first reading.

      The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will read the bill by title for the first time.

      The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

      A bill (S. 1035) to extend authority relating to roving surveillance, access to business records, and individual terrorists as agents of foreign powers under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 and for other purposes.

      Mr. MCCONNELL. I now ask for a second reading and, in order to place the bill on the calendar under the provisions of rule XIV, I object to my own request.

      The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection having been heard, the bill will be read for the second time on the next legislative day.2

      Hotlining -- a 2019 example
      Earmarking and Phonemarking
      BTU'd
      Alternative to conference: "message between houses" or Ping-ponging



      Individual Decisions
      Specialization and the importance of biography (Davidson, p. 247)

      Timing


      Party Unity (Davidson p. 256). TO ANALYZE A ROLL-CALL VOTE, LOOK AT THE EXCEPTIONS: THE MEMBERS WHO BROKE PARTY RANKS.  Marshall Bessey thesis on the impeachment Republicans 

      From Roll Call:

       




      DO NOT TRY TO REDUCE ROLL CALL VOTES TO CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS. Consider primary and general election constituencies.


      History and DW-Nominate (Davidson 263)




      This measurement is extremely influential in political science. It is also extremely flawed.

      Bargaining and cues


      Cosponsorship and Dear Colleague

      Wednesday, February 14, 2024

      NYT article "How Congress Could Bypass Republican Opposition to Funding Ukraine:


      This article brought up another interesting legislative process we haven't covered: the discharge petition. However, as stated in the article, neither party wants this to happen regularly, and it is an "arduous and time-consuming process that has rarely seen success in recent decades."

      Legislative Process



      Simulation issues and committees?

      For next Tuesday, Davidson, ch. 9

      Committee work

      • Open, Closed, Structured rules
      • Motion to proceed to consider: A motion in the Senate, which, if agreed to by a majority of those present and voting, brings a measure (e.g., bill) or matter (e.g., nomination) before the chamber for consideration. Often referred to simply as a “motion to proceed.”
      • Motion to recommit in the House
      • Filibuster and flip-flops

      The Basic Amendment Tree, Senate Version 

      A CRS report on Senate amendments:
      Senate precedents set out three principles of precedence among amendments that are directed to the same text: 
      1. A second-degree amendment has precedence over a first-degree amendment;
      2. A motion to insert and a motion to strike out and insert have precedence over a motion to strike out; and
      3. A perfecting amendment (and an amendment to it) has precedence over a substitute amendment (and an amendment to it). 
      The first of these principles is axiomatic. A second-degree amendment is an amendment to a first degree amendment, and it must be offered while the first-degree amendment is pending—that is, after the first-degree amendment has been offered but before the Senate has disposed of it. The Senate also acts on an amendment to a first-degree amendment before it acts on the first-degree amendment itself. So this principle conforms to Senate practice under both meanings of precedence.
      It may be helpful in understanding the second two principles to think about decisions the Senate needs to make about a text. Changing the text of an amendment, through a second-degree amendment, could “cure” a problem Senators may have had with the amendment’s original language. That could obviate the need to strike out the text 

      Senate Procedure and Rule XIV  "I object to my own request"
      Therefore, through objection, a bill after two readings is prevented from being referred to committee and is placed directly on the Senate’s Calendar of Business. It is usually the majority leader (or a Senator acting in the majority leader’s stead), acting on his own or at the request of any other Senator, who objects to “further proceeding”—committee referral—on a measure.


      How Mitch filled the tree 

      Just prior to Senate approval of S.Res. 27, the majority and minority leaders engaged in a colloquy on the floor to share additional information regarding their intentions for floor operations in the 117th Congress. ... The colloquy concerned two Senate practices that have become more common in recent Congresses. First, it has become common for the majority leader to “fill the amendment tree,” a process that temporarily blocks other Senators from offering amendments, except by unanimous consent. ... Regarding the amendment process, the majority leader announced in the colloquy: "I am a strong supporter of the right of Senators to offer amendments and commit to increase
      dramatically the number of Member-initiated amendments offered in the 117thCongress. I am also opposed to limiting amendments by “filling the tree” unless dilatory measures
      prevent the Senate from taking action and leave no alternative."
       
        Other processes


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