Simulation details. Will adjourn early for informal caucusing.
The Struggle Over Presidential Authority: Article I and Article II
1— Strongly Support PassageNewt Gingrich, Lessons Learned the Hard Way (1998):
2— Support Passage
3— Do not Object to Passage
4— No Position on Passage
5— Oppose
6— Strongly Oppose
7— Secretary’s Veto Threat (single and multiple agency)
8— Senior Advisor’s Veto Threat
9— Presidential Veto Threat
We had not only failed to take into account the ability of the Senate to delay us and obstruct us, but we had much too cavalierly underrated the power of the President, even a President who had lost his legislative majority and was in a certain amount of trouble for other reasons. I am speaking of the power of the veto. Even if you pass something through both the House and the Senate, there is that presidential pen. How could we have forgotten that? For me especially it was inexcusable, because when I was Republican whip during the Bush Administration one of my duties had been precisely to help sustain presidential vetoes.Item Veto: Supreme Court struck it down in Clinton v. City of New York.
- A de facto item veto?
- As a candidate, Obama opposed signing statements -- but as president, he issued them
- Trump examples
- Biden examples
- National security Hamilton in Federalist 8: "It is of the nature of war to increase the executive at the expense of the legislative authority." (more in two weeks)
- Executive orders
- Presidential proclamations
- Presidential memoranda and Trump examples
- Agency memoranda (DACA)
Courts can also undo actions. The case of DAPA -- US v. Texas
Power to Persuade
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